Everyday Toxicology II: Tobacco
作者： Philip C Burcham , Philip C Burcham
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-5553-9_10
关键词: Toxicology 、 Carcinogen 、 Tobacco smoke 、 Pharmacology 、 Xenobiotic 、 Chemistry 、 Tar (tobacco residue) 、 Lung injury 、 Smoke 、 Nicotine 、 Benzo(a)pyrene
摘要: The chemical complexity of tobacco combustion ensures smokers daily inhale a toxic cocktail comprising thousands xenobiotics. Unsurprisingly, many health disorders accompany this habit including various cancers plus noncancer conditions such as emphysema. smoke constituents causing lung injury have received much attention, with special interest focussed on carcinogens that drive the induction and progression cancer. Major within include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrosamines, amines volatile organics 1,3-butadiene. Due to their strong carcinogenic potency, tobacco-specific nitrosamines NNN NNK are particular concern. Both form via nitrosation nicotine, neurostimulatory Nicotiana constituent confers highly addictive properties upon cigarette smoke. As other carcinogens, undergo CYP-catalysed bioactivation DNA-damaging metabolites. DNA adducts formed by these noxious metabolites accumulation mutations in growth regulatory genes smokers’ lung.
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