Drug delivery strategies and systems for HIV/AIDS pre-exposure prophylaxis and treatment

摘要: The year 2016 will mark an important milestone - the 35th anniversary of first reported cases HIV/AIDS. Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) including Highly Active (HAART) drug regimens is widely considered to be one greatest achievements in therapeutic research having transformed HIV infection into a chronically managed disease. Unfortunately, lack widespread preventive measures and inability eradicate from infected cells highlight significant challenges remaining today. Moving forward there are at least three high priority goals for anti-HIV delivery (DD) research: (1) prevent new infections occurring, (2) facilitate functional cure, i.e., when present but body controls it without drugs (3) established infection. Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) represents step preventing establishment chronic However, ultimate success PrEP depend on achieving sustained antiretroviral (ARV) tissue concentrations require strict patient adherence regimen. While generation long acting/extended release (LA/ER) DD Systems (DDS) currently development show considerable promise, treatment prevention persist. First, critical need improve cell specificity through targeting order selectively achieve efficacious reservoir sites control/eradicate as well mitigate systemic side effects. In addition, approaches reducing cellular efflux metabolism ARV prolong effective target developed. Finally, given current understanding pathogenesis, next DDS address selective gut mucosa lymph nodes. review focuses technologies, challenges, opportunities, strategies, by which novel systems help iterate towards prevention, cure eventually eradication