A Comparison of the Abilities of Colonizers and Closed-Turf Species to Establish from Seed in Artificial Swards

摘要: (1) The seeds of a range ruderals and closed-turf species were sown into 2 5-cm-wide gaps in short turf (1 cm tall) tall (8 Festuca rubra. Germination seedling growth these swards compared with those on bare soil. (2) was not appreciably reduced either group turf, but that the greatly turf. (3) In seedlings generally much less able than to withstand competition, which appeared be effective mainly at roots this treatment. Seed weight found have no significant effect competitive ability. (4) both groups grew hardly all. There some indication potentially high relative rate may disadvantage establishing (5) importance tolerance competition young is discussed.