Immunotherapy for COVID-19: Evolving treatment of viral infection and associated adverse immunological reactions.

摘要: This review on COVID-19 immunotherapy enables a comparative analysis of the short-list currently approved major vaccines. These include Pfizer and Moderna first mRNA vaccines under FDA purview Oxford/AstraZeneca simian adenovirus-vectored vaccine (under UK-MHPRA guidance), all produced in record time, being safe effective. The double dose have clear edge treatment efficacy, 90% range compared to AstraZeneca average 70%. However, AZ has significant advantages with respect lower cost stability storage. We enumerate several potential advances technology manufacturers: (1) combination such as testing AstraZeneca's product component Russian's Sputnik V achieve durable immunity; (2) for single coming on-line, Johnson & Johnson/Janssen; (3) need refined thermotolerant formulations obviating cold As an adjunct vaccinotherapy, affinity adsorption column is another facet recruited processing corona convalescent plasma/cryosupernatant concentrate neutralizing antibodies against virus. Clinical trials, date, infected patients been indeterminate whether plasmapheresis-based products are effective or not. due failure standardize composition plasma derived component, ambiguous clinical indications use human subjects, inconsistent timing administration course infection. Known T-cell lymphopenia, which attendant progressive viral infection immune driven inflammation, may be quantitative surrogate biological marker when start treatment. not only initiating therapeutics but also judicious selection ancillary pharmaceuticals, ie. monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins anti-viral drugs.