Supercritical fluid extraction of pyrethrins from pyrethrum flowers (Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium) compared to traditional maceration and cyclic pressurization extraction

摘要: Abstract In this work, a comparison between three extraction processes, including traditional maceration in n-hexane and ethyl alcohol, supercritical fluid (SFE) cyclically pressurized known as rapid solid-liquid dynamic (RSLDE), has been carried out for the of pyrethrins, predominantly nonpolar natural compounds with insecticidal properties found pyrethrum, an extract certain species chrysanthemums. Pyrethrins are often used household insecticides control parasites on pets or livestock. Maceration is cheapest method, but values percent extracted material compared to weight dried flowers lower. The CO2 less efficient than Naviglio extractor, it advantage not requiring use solvents. Consequently, all techniques valid from pyrethrum flowers. results obtained show that by suitably varying parameters procedures, possible obtain pyrethrin extracts production low toxicity warm-blooded animals pollution. particular, presents additional advantage; although oleoresin product, its involves solvents, while SFE highly process due phase without On other hand, extractor inexpensive technique requires minimum energy loss when fluids. Thus, latter more convenient industrial level universally applicable. Nevertheless, can be medium detergent produced avoid residues solvents left during process. Therefore, demonstration purposes, process, numerical simulations have performed, allowing helpful optimize further tests.