Cutaneous Granulomatosis: a Comprehensive Review

摘要: Cutaneous granulomatosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases, characterized by skin inflammatory reaction triggered wide variety stimuli, including infections, foreign bodies, malignancy, metabolites, and chemicals. From pathogenic point view, they are divided into non-infectious infectious granulomas. Pathophysiological mechanisms still poorly understood. Non-infectious granulomatous diseases include granuloma annulare, necrobiosis lipoidica, rheumatic nodules, body granulomas, cutaneous sarcoidosis, interstitial dermatitis. Necrobiosis lipoidica more frequent in diabetic patients. Infectious granulomas the caused mycobacteria, particular Mycobacterium tuberculosis or atypical mycobacteria; parasites, such as Leishmania; fungi. Pathogenic M. tuberculosis-related discussed. clinical it useful to divide localized disseminated forms, although this distinction can be sometimes artificial. Three types lesions distinguished: palisaded (granuloma rheumatoid nodules), which generally associated with infections. Disseminated infectious, tuberculosis, among sarcoidosis histological common denominator presence infiltrate dermis and/or hypodermis; mainly composed macrophages grouped nodules having nodular, architecture. Finally, we propose diagnostic procedure should performed when facing patient suspected granulomatosis.