The Neurotropic Parasite Toxoplasma gondii Induces Sustained Neuroinflammation with Microvascular Dysfunction in Infected Mice.

摘要: Toxoplasmosis is one of the leading parasitic diseases worldwide. Some data suggest that chronic acquired toxoplasmosis could be linked to behavioral alterations in humans. The parasite infects neurons, forming immunologically silent cysts. Cerebral microcirculation homeostasis determinant brain functions, and pathologic states can alter capillarity or blood perfusion, neurodegeneration cognitive deficits. Albino mice were infected with Toxoplasma gondii (ME49 strain) analyzed after 10, 40, 180 days. Infected presented decreased cerebral flow at 10 40 days post infection (dpi), which restored dpi, as shown by laser speckle contrast imaging. Intravital microscopy demonstrated led significant capillary rarefaction, accompanied neuroinflammation, microglial activation increased numbers rolling adherent leukocytes wall capillaries. Acetylcholine-induced vasodilation was altered all time points, barrier permeability evident animals dpi. Infection reduced angiogenesis, a number isolectin B4–stained vessels decrease length branching laminin-stained Sulfadiazine load partially repaired microvascular damages. We conclude T. latent causes harmful insult brain, promoting neuroinflammation and microcirculatory dysfunction angiogenesis contribute neurodegenerative process.