Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Ureteroscopic Biopsy and Specimen Preparation

摘要: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare malignancy. Nevertheless, it potentially lethal disease, especially when diagnosed in advanced stages. Ureteroscopy with biopsy provides the most accurate diagnosis and an essential step evaluation of upper urinary tumors. Alternative modalities including urine studies contrast imaging have proven less reliable. Systematic “no touch” ureteroscopic techniques should be utilized to survey involved system. Tumor may efficiently performed flat wire basket or cup forceps. All specimens delivered fresh normal saline Cytopathology laboratory as soon possible for optimal tissue preservation. Samples are then prepared using Cytospin technique, cell block also if any macroscopically visible present. Taken together, these cytopathology can help obtain guide treatment decisions. Endoscopic UTUC combination Holmium:YAG Neodymium:YAG lasers promising alternative radical nephroureterectomy selected cases.