Water vapor control at the tropopause by equatorial Kelvin waves observed over the Galapagos.

摘要: Soundings of frost-point hygrometers, ozonesondes, and radiosondes at San Cristobal Island (0.9°S, 89.6°W) in September 1998 provide an observational evidence that equatorial Kelvin waves around the tropopause act as a dehydration pump for stratosphere. During downward-displacement phase wave, dry ozone-rich stratospheric air is transported into upper troposphere. upward-displacement phase, on other hand, higher specific-humidity moves up region, but same time, this upward motion causes cooling limits water vapor amount entering Also, wave breaking contributes to irreversible transport ozone across tropopause. Considering their omnipresence tropopause, we suggest may be one important agents maintaining dryness tropical lower