Structure and Function of tRNA and Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases in Eukaryotes

摘要: In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, transfer RNA (tRNA) occupies a central position in protein synthesis because it serves as the translator of genetic message. It does this by acting an adapter to convert small structural differences among amino acids into clearly distinct form capable reading specifying sequence ribonucleotides mRNA. The need for such was recognized long ago (1; reviewed 2), is instructive note that even at time basic elements tRNA aminoacylation process were recognized. Thus, tRNAs postulated be set specific oligonucleotides, 3–6 residues length, which would enzymatically attached their acids, corresponding enzymes selecting out given acid its cognate oligonucleotide from all others. triplet codon then read base-pairing with three nucleotides (the anticodon). Crick (1) further suggested nature link between likely provide energy polymerization. Except failure appreciate ribosome binding function required considerably larger molecule, hypothesis proposed before existence known has proven surprisingly accurate description role aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases synthesis.