Outpatient Information Systems (OISs) for Ambulatory Care

摘要: Of the relatively few outpatient information systems (OISs) operational in United States 1960s, most were ambulatory clinics that shared time on mainframe computers with affiliated hospitals. In 1970s some larger physician practices launched standalone OISs minicomputers. With advent of microcomputers 1980s, began to diffuse rapidly, as federally funded pilots. By end about 80 % physicians had type computer their offices, primarily for administrative and business functions; computer-based patient records other OIS clinical applications still infrequently used. When admitting a hospital, could transfer data from hospital system. For part, lack standardization made interchange difficult or impossible. However, three achieved notable success 1980s. Each was developed an academic environment led by committed physician; each “chartless” record, continuously updated stored computer; two linkages large Yet they exception. Few evaluations convincing benefits. Low adoption suggested not considered more efficient office practice than paper-based records. Expectations 1990s would change support electronic claims reporting quality care monitoring. 2010s, federal funding became available who purchased health record complying “Meaningful Use.”