Role of hypogonadism in development of bone alterations in thalassemic patients

作者: Nicola Napoli , Enrico Carmina

DOI:

关键词: Hypogonadotropic hypogonadismEndocrine systemPediatricsFerritin levelsInternal medicineMedicineOsteoporosisThalassemiaChelation therapyEndocrinologyEtiologyImproved survival

摘要: Although transfusions and chelation therapy have improved survival of patients afflicted with Thalassemia Major (TM), endocrine alterations are still common complications. Particularly, hypogonadism plays an important role in the aetiology of osteoporosis these patients. It is clear that most patients the gonadal failure a consequence pituitary damage and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism occurs; nevertheless, also damage because iron deposition may be further cause hypogonadism. Prevalence the pubertal ranges between 50 to 80% cases. In some studies ferritin levels been correlated hypogonadism, suggesting improvement treatments may prevent or reduce appearance in TM Treatment HRT has shown conflicting results, but who started treatment young age present better results than those later. However we may conclude option but should prescribed early associated biphosphonates

参考文章(17)
Gertrude Costin, Endocrine Abnormalities in Thalassemia Major American Journal of Diseases of Children. ,vol. 133, pp. 497- 502 ,(1979) , 10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1979.02130050041009
A. Lasco, N. Morabito, A. Gaudio, M. Buemi, M. Wasniewska, N. Frisina, Effects of hormonal replacement therapy on bone metabolism in young adults with beta-thalassemia major. Osteoporosis International. ,vol. 12, pp. 570- 575 ,(2001) , 10.1007/S001980170079
B Modell, E A Letsky, D M Flynn, R Peto, D J Weatherall, Survival and desferrioxamine in thalassaemia major. BMJ. ,vol. 284, pp. 1081- 1084 ,(1982) , 10.1136/BMJ.284.6322.1081
E. Carmina, G. Di Fede, N. Napoli, G. Renda, G. Vitale, C. Lo Pinto, D. Bruno, R. Malizia, G. B. Rini, Hypogonadism and hormone replacement therapy on bone mass of Adult Women with Thalassemia Major Calcified Tissue International. ,vol. 74, pp. 68- 71 ,(2003) , 10.1007/S00223-002-1044-3
C. VULLO, V. SANCTIS, M. KATZ, B. WONKE, A. V. HOFFBRAND, B. BAGNI, T. TORRESANI, G. TOLIS, M. MASIERO, A. PALMA, L. BORGATTI, Endocrine Abnormalities in Thalassemia Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. ,vol. 612, pp. 293- 310 ,(1990) , 10.1111/J.1749-6632.1990.TB24317.X
R. CHATTERJEE, M. KATZ, A. OATRIDGE, G. M. BYDDER, J. B. PORTER, Selective loss of anterior pituitary volume with severe pituitary-gonadal insufficiency in poorly compliant male thalassemic patients with pubertal arrest. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. ,vol. 850, pp. 479- 482 ,(1998) , 10.1111/J.1749-6632.1998.TB10527.X
CHRISTINA WANG, S. C. TSO, DAVID TODD, Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism in Severe β-Thalassemia: Effect of Chelation and Pulsatile Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Therapy The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. ,vol. 68, pp. 511- 516 ,(1989) , 10.1210/JCEM-68-3-511
Ersi Voskaridou, Maria-Christina Kyrtsonis, Evangelos Terpos, Maroussa Skordili, Ilias Theodoropoulos, Angeliki Bergele, Evanthia Diamanti, Angelos Kalovidouris, Aphrodite Loutradi, Dimitris Loukopoulos, Bone resorption is increased in young adults with thalassaemia major British Journal of Haematology. ,vol. 112, pp. 36- 41 ,(2001) , 10.1046/J.1365-2141.2001.02549.X
E. Y. W. KWAN, A. C. W. LEE, A. M. C. LI, S. C. F. TAM, C. F. CHAN, Y. L. LAU, L. C. K. LOW, A cross-sectional study of growth, puberty and endocrine function in patients with thalassaemia major in Hong Kong. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. ,vol. 31, pp. 83- 87 ,(1995) , 10.1111/J.1440-1754.1995.TB00752.X
N. Morabito, A. Lasco, A. Gaudio, A. Crisafulli, C. Di Pietro, A. Meo, N. Frisina, Bisphosphonates in the treatment of thalassemia-induced osteoporosis. Osteoporosis International. ,vol. 13, pp. 644- 649 ,(2002) , 10.1007/S001980200087