Biodiversity, Community Dynamics, and Novel Foraging Behaviors of a Rich Native Bee Fauna Across Habitats at Pinnacles National Park, California

摘要: Native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) are diverse and effective pollinators, responsible for the majority of plant pollination in natural degraded ecosystems. Despite this critical role, little is known about patterns native bee biodiversity, community dynamics, expected variation between habitat types, particularly absence human disturbance. Such knowledge could help detect population trends guide conservation altered landscapes. We surveyed communities over two flowering seasons across four distinct types (Alluvial, Live Oak Woodland, Blue Grassland) at Pinnacles National Park, a protected hotspot diversity, to 1) update inventory park biodiversity; 2) identify abundance, richness composition; 3) evaluate whether type an indicator dynamics. collected 52,853 specimens, increased species from 398 479. While was not related richness, or even floral season, composition varied significantly among types. In alluvial habitat, more unique, tightly defined, distance sites than other suggesting these areas may serve as nesting refugia, some oligolectic species. Further examination clarify value protecting habitats beyond.