Quercus suber Distribution Revisited

摘要: The complex evolutionary history of Quercus suber is still under debate. Also, data and evidence at the eastern end species range are largely incomplete. In this study, historic floras, fossil data, local toponyms were surveyed genetic analyses linguistic research used in order to point towards a previously neglected occurrence Q. east Italy. Such multidisciplinary approach depicts scenario which cork oak survived Balkan Peninsula until recently suggests how might have been evicted relegated westward, due climate changes, ecologic competition human impact. Our findings also suggest that differentiation core was yet unidentified area corresponding present-day central Europe southwestern Asia. Radiation occurred during Middle Miocene, with later extension into southern Europe, Iberia North Africa, as documented by samples collected from late Miocene-early Pliocene. causes extinction east, however, should be investigated further may lead investigations about other experienced shifts similar oak.