The potential for citizen science to produce reliable and useful information in ecology.

摘要: We examined features of citizen science that influence data quality, inferential power, and usefulness in ecology. As background context for our examination, we considered topics such as ecological sampling (probability based, purposive, opportunistic), linkage between technique statistical inference (design model based), scientific paradigms (confirmatory, exploratory). distinguished several types investigations, from intensive research with rigorous protocols targeting clearly articulated questions to mass-participation internet-based projects opportunistic collection lacking design, overarching objectives, analysis, volunteer training, performance. identified key quality: project design training Projects good designs, trained volunteers, professional oversight can meet criteria produce high-quality strong power therefore are well suited objectives. collection, little or no minimal better general objectives related public education exploration because reliable estimation be difficult impossible. In some cases, statistically robust analytical methods, external data, both may increase the certain opportunistically collected data. Ecological management, especially by government agencies, frequently requires suitable inference. With standardized protocols, state-of-the-art well-supervised programs, make valuable contributions conservation increasing scope species monitoring efforts. Data quality improved adhering basic principles designing studies provide required, including expertise, thereby strengthening aspect enhancing acceptance community decision makers.