Cumulative reproduction and survival costs in female red deer

摘要: Successful reproduction in a single breeding event has consistently been shown to reduce condition, fecundity and survival the following season. Few studies have examined cumulative costs of frequent on survival. Here we use dataset female red deer (Cervus elaphus) from Isle Rum, Scotland, model probability within mark-recapture framework. By including both recent long-term reproductive effort models tested whether knowledge lifetime improves our estimates probability. We found that fit was significantly improved with inclusion longer-term measures history. Heterogeneity performance individuals influenced expected cost reproduction, high associated survival, except reproducing their first year where decrease This work emphasises need account for history when estimating probabilities animals.