Alternatives to the Grandmother Hypothesis A Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Grandparental and Grandchild Survival in Patrilineal Populations

摘要: We conducted a meta-analysis of 17 studies that tested for an association between grandparental survival and grandchild in patrilineal populations. Using two different methodologies, we found the maternal grandmother grandfather, but not paternal was associated with decreased grandoffspring mortality. These results are consistent findings psychological developed countries (Coall Hertwig Behavioral Brain Sciences 33:1-59, 2010). When against predictions five hypotheses (confidence paternity; grandmothering, kin proximity, senescence, local resource competition), our most line competition hypothesis. In predominantly patrilocal societies, grandparents who likely to live grandchildren have less beneficial than those do not. consider extent which these may be influenced by methodological limitations source studies, including use retrospective designs inadequate controls confounding variables such as wealth.