Polemic and Hybridity in Early Modern Spain: Juan Andrés's Confusión o confutación de la secta Mahomética y del Alcorán

摘要: Over the past decade, scholars have increasingly called Edward Said's Orientalism (1979) into question due to its rigid and overly simplistic binary, one that sets East against West Christianity Islam. In his portrayal of medieval orientalism, Said argues sought control Islamic threat through a learned discourse sharply dividing two religions cultures, assigning Islam negative value. The would later impose this distinction onto modern principally by England France in eighteenth nineteenth centuries. But based on geographical as well cultural separation, such model seems insufficient context Spain. Most recently, Barbara Fuchs has argued theory needs be re-evaluated when applied an analysis early Spain's relationship with Moriscos (New Christians Muslim descent). Exotic Nation: Maurophilia Construction Early Modern Spain (2009) she states text cannot account for interchange al-Andalus, heavily Arabicized region only passed completely under Christian dominion fall Granada 1492. Though not utopian convivencia Christians, Muslims, Jews idealized some scholars, did fact adopt admire practices from neighbors who had recently converted (i.e. Moriscos). addition home decor style attesting hybrid culture, works romancero morisco or Abencerraje (1562) show concerted attempts rewrite their way life national narrative portraying them sympathetically. Such writings countered official imagines things Moorish foreign outsiders.Michelle Hamilton Jose Gonzalez Alcantud also proposed orientalism is problematic Spanish context. her study courtly go-between, Representing Others Medieval Iberian Literature (2007), criticizes generalizing Europe's representation while addressing Iberia where "hybrid identities dominate no facile statements about West, Arab can hold" (3). Analyzing series Muslim, Jewish, authors, shows how individuals cultures which they lived were anything but clearly defined molds what Jew, might be. been among most prolific critics published numerous studies subject. Among interesting are essays included collection edited direction, El orientalismo desde el sur (2006). contributions suggests binary thinking too simple hold Spain, present. Characterized fluid geographic frontier, practiced Andalucia North Africa colonialist enterprise suggested (13-14). It is, rather, dynamic never demarcated neither enjoys creative monopoly (passim).Fuchs, Hamilton, address range periods genres, work centers Iberia's complicated experience beginning Middle Ages, agree hybridity better describes experience. However, there body scholarship within Hispanic prior time authority insists opposite: deeply divided, particularly Louis Cardaillac's y cristianos: un enfrentamiento polemico, 1492-1640, intense effort define preserve boundaries crypto-Muslims alike.1 Asking communities related literature best express relation, he writes that:Normalmente, estado de tension entre ambas comunidades encontrara su expresion traves toda una literatura polemica que, aunque en ocasiones aborda temas teologicos, general sera tipo panfletario, caracterizandose la vez por argumentacion concisa ausencia total consideracion hacia adversario. …