Evaporation and transpiration from forests in Central Europe - Relevance of patch-level studies for spatial scaling
作者： B. K�stner
关键词: Environmental science 、 Atmospheric sciences 、 Understory 、 Fagus sylvatica 、 Scots pine 、 Picea abies 、 Transpiration 、 Tree canopy 、 Forest floor 、 Beech
摘要: Spatial scaling from patch to the landscape level requires knowledge on effects of vegetation structure maximum surface conductances and evaporation rates. The following paper summarizes results atmospheric, edaphic, structural controls forest transpiration observed in stands Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) European beech (Fagus sylvatica). Forest canopy (E c ) was determined by tree sapflow measurements scaled stand level. Estimates understory floor were derived lysimeter chamber measurements. Strong reduction E due soil drought only at a when scil water content dropped below 16% v/v. Although relative responses atmospheric conditions similar, daily rates z cmax could differ more than 100% between patches different (1.5-3.0mmd -1 2.6-6.4 mmd for beech, respectively). A significant decrease per leaf area index /LAI) with increasing age found monocultures spruce, whereas no pronounced changes /LAI stands. It is concluded that can be specified must considered spatial landscapes. Hereby, conjunction LAI, age-related parameters are important compensating layers total forests observed, information needed quantify structure-function relationships heterogenous structure.
springer.com
harvard.edu
sci-hub.se 参考文章(62)
K.G. McNaughton, P.G. Jarvis, CHAPTER 1 – PREDICTING EFFECTS OF VEGETATION CHANGES ON TRANSPIRATION AND EVAPORATION Water deficits and plant growth Volume VII Additional woody crop plants. pp. 1- 47 ,(1983) , 10.1016/B978-0-12-424157-2.50007-0
Monteith Jl, Evaporation and environment. Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology. ,vol. 19, pp. 205- 234 ,(1965)
Chadwick D. Oliver, Similarities of stand structures and stand development processes throughout the world—some evidence and applications to silviculture through adaptive management Springer Netherlands. pp. 11- 26 ,(1992) , 10.1007/978-94-015-8052-6_2
Heinz Ellenberg, Ökosystemforschung : Ergebnisse des Sollingprojekts 1966-1986 Ulmer. ,(1986)
Ecosystem approaches to landscape management in Central Europe Springer Berlin Heidelberg. ,(2001) , 10.1007/978-3-662-04504-6
T. Rosswall, R. G. Woodmansee, Ecosystem processes and global change. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 11- 27 ,(1988)
Ch. Körner, Leaf Diffusive Conductances in the Major Vegetation Types of the Globe Ecological studies : analysis and synthesis (USA). pp. 463- 490 ,(1995) , 10.1007/978-3-642-79354-7_22
S. W. Running, Richard H. Waring, Forest ecosystems : analysis at multiple scales Forest ecosystems: analysis at multiple scales.. ,(1998)
D. Lüttschwager, M. Wulf, S. Rust, J. Forkert, R. F. Hüttl, Tree canopy and field layer transpiration in Scots pine stands Springer Netherlands. pp. 97- 110 ,(1998) , 10.1007/978-94-015-9022-8_6
John D. Hewlett, Principles of Forest Hydrology ,(1982)