An Analysis of Density Effects and Predation in Bufo Americanus Tadpoles
作者： Warren Y. Brockelman
DOI: 10.2307/1936252
关键词: Plant litter 、 Ecology 、 Plant cover 、 Predator 、 Biology 、 Metamorphosis 、 Growth rate 、 Predation 、 Periphyton 、 Tadpole 、 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
摘要: The effects of density on growth and survivorship Bufo americanus tadpoles the importance some predators were investigated experimentally in two small ponds southeastern Michigan. Tadpoles raised through metamorphosis at different densities food levels screened inclosures placed ponds. Most open to natural substratum but others completely exclude larger predators. In one pond experiment, time metamorphosis, individual variability mortality directly related initial tadpole density, transformation size was inversely related. addition (natural periphyton plant litter) produced a density—dependent increase rate. density—related correlated with variations rate among pens. Growth submerged cover Neither nor predator densities. other experiment characterized by lack ...
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