Density effect for the ionization loss of charged particles in various substances

摘要: The density-effect correction δ(β) for the ionization energy loss of charged particles has been evaluated as a function particle velocity total 278 substances, including 98 cases elements periodic table (12 gases and 86 condensed materials, liquid hydrogen graphite three different densities) 180 chemical compounds substances biological interest (13 167 or solid substances). In calculations, up-to-date values mean excitation potential I atomic absorption edges hvi were employed input data general equations previously derived by Sternheimer.