Leadership in bronze: democratising Bilbao’s public space

摘要: One bust and one statue located in close distance to each other the centre of Bilbao ‒ being that second President United States, John Adams, Jose Antonio Aguirre, first democratically elected minister (lehendakari) Basque Country are visual representations not only two charismatic statesmen patriots but also reminders what it practically entails fight for independence survival new polities under difficult circumstances. This paper does three things. First, establishes historical nexus between figures terms a rarely discussed transatlantic intellectual undercurrent, which stretches time period roughly half centuries from American Revolution fall Spanish Civil War beginning government exile. Second, discusses various aspects leadership distinguished leaders monuments their proxi...