Economic Integration Effects on Market Structure

摘要: The way economists think about international trade and the gains of economic integration has significantly changed during last two decades. concept comparative advantage, beautiful deep insight David Ricardo, not lost his theoretical relevance, many analyses are still devoted to countries can exploit their differences by specializing exchanging, related this inter-national inter-industrial trade. However, several authors have come focus on intra-industry (whose importance appears be overwhelming in case developed countries), role economies scale explaining it1. There at least reasons for shift: first, nowadays (and aforementioned) relevance (for instance inside European Union (EU)); second, fact that some relatively recent advances theory particular Industrial Organization) eventually provided with analytical tools cope inherent complexities increasing returns economics.