A review of microbial desalination cell technology: Configurations, optimization and applications

摘要: Abstract Seawater could be a potential source of freshwater to manage the intensified demand drinking water for new generations. The recent techniques desalination and wastewater treatment are energy intensive unsustainable. Therefore, an integrated sustainable approach is essential achieve cost-effective through treatment. Microbial cell (MDC) has been proven one emerging technologies capable simultaneous treatment, seawater eco-energy production. This technique generates electricity bio-electrochemical oxidation organics present in wastewater. produced utilized drive migration ions MDC system. ionic will result as well formation value-added by-products. review summarizes recently investigated configurations along with their critical evolution designs operational parameters on power generation capabilities. also acknowledges applications microbial electrochemical desalination, bio-remediation, nutrients recovery, softening, chemical key findings included that system achieved remarkable without any external input, wastewater, recovery intermediate steps. technical challenges associated practical were maintaining pH cathodic anodic fluids, higher internal resistance, usage catalysts electrodes, membrane fouling durability. However, certain especially electrolysis (MEDC)/microbial production (MEDCC), integration electrodialysis module can significantly increase performances. installation ED establish neutrality increased recirculation electrolytes between chambers these configurations. development technology its scale-up requires future investigations related prevention fouling, materials feasibility, electron transfer kinetics, growth durability catalyst. feasibility studies needed conducted determining suitability operation terms reactor performance stability.