The role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in retinal dysfunction

摘要: In the eye, retina and surrounding tissues are exposed to one of most highly oxidizing microenvironments in entire human body. This is due, part, constant visible light exposure, elevated oxygen partial pressure phagocytosis polyunsaturated fatty acid-loaded photoreceptor outer segments. Accordingly, numerous retinal degenerations including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma associated with oxidative stress. Oxidative damage mitochondrial dysfunction considered be significant factors underlying initiation progression cellular changes during aging disease. chapter discusses high vulnerability mitochondria outlines current evidence implicating this organelle as a weak link retina. particular, DNA (mtDNA) defects mtDNA repair system may particularly important pathogenesis degenerations. We also consider importance biogenesis well removal damaged via autophagy strategies minimize effect on function. The specific targeting (e.g., biogenesis, removal, antioxidants, repair) pharmacological agents able protect against offer novel alternatives for treatment