Direct Fecal—Oral Transmission of Giardiasis

摘要: Giardia are highly adapted to a role as obligatory intestinal luminal parasites, in variety of warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals including birds (Meyer Radulescu, 1979). They require no intermediate developmental stage outside the primary host present an infective form feces host. The wide distribution parasites throughout animal kingdom provides evidence that multiple opportunities occur for ingestion material contaminated by containing cysts completion its life cycle perpetuation species. Infection from water has been discussed Chapter 15. contamination supplies can be solved technology. A more vexing problem is direct transmission giardiasis fecally material. roots such lie within social institutions, cultural perceptions, close sexual interactions which must recognized understood if patterns interrupted.