Leptospira: Invasion, Pathogenesis and Persistence

摘要: Leptospirosis is a major public health problem and one of the most widespread zoonotic diseases in world. The disease caused by pathogenic spirochete Leptospira, which induces wide range clinical manifestations ranging from mild flu-like illness to severe Weil’s characterized multi-organ failure leading death. In spite fact that this has been studied for decades, little understood regarding mechanisms pathogenesis, hampered development novel therapeutic prophylactic interventions. Recently, tools genetic manipulation as well publication genome sequences both saprophytic leptospires have revealed insights into biology pathogenesis important agent. We discuss recent advances our understanding underlying leptospiral invasion persistence, factors contributing evasion host immunity. progress made responses, particularly role innate immune receptors (Toll-like {TLRs}) cell mediated responses are discussed. potential Leptospira spp. virulence (outer membrane proteins others) subunit vaccines adjuvants/immunomoulators their success also Finally, we conclude highlighting future work needs be done order better understand leptospirosis, thereby paving way improved diagnostics more effective vaccines.