Renewable energy in copper production: A review on systems design and methodological approaches

摘要: Abstract Renewable energy systems are now accepted to be mandatory for climate change mitigation. These require a higher material supply than conventional ones. Particularly, they more copper. The production of this metal, however, is intensive in consumption and emissions. Therefore, renewable must used improve the environmental performance copper production. We cover current state research develop recommendations design To complement our analysis, we also consider studies from other industries regional systems. provide six future modeling: (a) demand models overly simplistic need enhanced planning with high levels technologies; (b) multi-vector (electricity, heat, fuels) explicitly modeled capture readily available flexibility system; (c) done arid regions, where water energy-intensive, then, management should integrated overall (d) there operational existing plants, which needs better understood assessed; (e) mines adapt dynamics sources; (f) life cycle impacts components system minimized optimization models. Researchers decision-makers sector will benefit comprehensive review these recommendations. hope it accelerate deployment renewables, particularly industry.