Realistic costs of carbon capture

摘要: There is a growing interest in carbon capture and storage (CCS) as means of reducing dioxide (CO2) emissions. However there are substantial uncertainties about the costs CCS. Costs for pre-combustion with compression (i.e. excluding transport any revenue from EOR associated storage) examined this discussion paper First-of-a-Kind (FOAK) plant more mature technologies, or Nth-of-a-Kind (NOAK). For FOAK using solid fuels levelised cost electricity on 2008 basis approximately 10 cents/kWh higher than conventional plants (with range 8-12 cents/kWh). abatement found typically to be US$150/tCO2 avoided US$120-180/tCO2 avoided). NOAK additional 2-5 cents/kWh, US$35-70/tCO2 avoided. other technologies also estimated plants. The calculated reference SCPC both emissions electricity. Estimates mainly based data 2008, which was at end period more » sustained escalation power generation large capital projects. now indications falling these levels. This may reduce presented here 'peak market' estimates. If general levels return, example, those prevailing 2005 2006 (by time significant had already occurred previous levels), then expected US$110/tCO2 US$90-135/tCO2 US$25-50/tCO2. Based considerations likely representative CCS appears US$100-150/tCO2 first-of-a-kind perhaps US$30-50/tCO2 nth-of-a-kind plants.The estimates appear broadly consistent light potential reductions increased experience. Cost increasing scale, learning individual components, technological innovation including improved integration. Innovation integration can lower increase net output given base. These factors by 65% 2030. within plausible future prices, implying that technology would competitive fossil fuel prices. « less