Intensity of giraffe locomotor activity is shaped by solar and lunar zeitgebers.

摘要: Natural cycles of light and darkness shift the balance risks gains for animals across space time. Entrainment to photic allows spatiotemporally adapt their behavioural physiological processes in line with interplaying ecological factors, such as temperature, foraging efficiency predation risk. Until recently, our understanding these chronobiological was limited by difficulties 24 h observations. Technological advances GPS biotelemetry however are now allowing us unprecedented access long-term, fine-scale activity data. Here we use data derived from frontline technology present first large-scale investigation into effects natural fluctuations on locomotor patterns a threatened African mega-herbivore, giraffe (Giraffa spp.). Using remote population Angolan (G. g. angolensis) northern Namib Desert, Namibia, reveal full picture chronobiology landscape fear. Furthermore, clear evidence effect moonlight nocturnal large ungulates. Our results recent research demonstrating that, rather than fixed internal representation time (circadian clock), many surface-dwelling ungulates have plastic that vulnerable modification external factors including temperature. Relatedly, highlight important conservation management implications rising temperatures increasing pollution mammals.