Chemical and microbiological risk assessment of urban river water quality in Vietnam.

摘要: The contamination and risk by nutrients (NH4+, NO2-, NO3- PO43-), COD, BOD5, coliform potentially toxic elements (PTEs) of As, Cd, Ni, Hg, Cu, Pb, Zn Cr were investigated in urban river (Nhue River), Vietnam during 2010-2017. extensive results demonstrated that concentrations these contaminants showed significant spatial temporal variations. Nhue River was seriously polluted NH4+ (0.025-11.28 mg/L), PO43- (0.17-1.72 BOD5 (5.8-179.6 COD (1.4-239.8 mg/L) (1540-326,470 CFU/100 mL); moderately As (0.2-131.15 μg/L) Hg (0.11-4.1 μg/L); slightly NO2- (0.003-0.33 Cd (2.1-18.2 μg/L). NH4+, PO43-, frequently exceeded both drinking water guidelines irrigation standards. Regarding PTEs, higher than the regulatory limits. Human health risks PTEs evaluated estimating hazard index (HI) cancer through ingestion dermal contacts for adults children. findings indicated most important pollutant causing non-carcinogenic carcinogenic concerns. 1.0 at all sites (HI = 1.83-7.4) children 2.6-10.5), while posed (1 × 10-4-4.96 10-4). A management strategy controlling wastewater discharge protecting human is urgently needed.