Genetic predictors of therapeutic response to clozapine: current status of research.

摘要: Clozapine is one of the most clinically potent drugs currently available for treating symptoms schizophrenia. Compared with conventional antipsychotics it surpasses its predecessors in ability to treat a wider range otherwise refractory patients, while possessing low propensity produce extrapyramidal symptoms. Despite significant advantages, not all patients benefit from treatment. Some react adversely therapy others fail respond adequately. If those likely clozapine could be identified prior treatment, this would significantly improve clinical management these patients. Genetic alterations drug-metabolising enzymes have previously been demonstrated influence efficacy relevant drugs. It possible that similar and other systems may response variability clozapine. Pharmacogenetic studies are at present investigating genes encoding drug receptors, neurotransmitter transporters identify genetic variants important. To date polymorphisms within serotonergic dopaminergic pathways implicated, though involvement candidate also likely. This information will ultimately enable prediction drug, process alleviate unnecessary exposure predisposed individuals potentially serious adverse effects.