作者: Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran , Frank Haamann , Albert Nienhaus
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4717-7_2
关键词: Adverse health effect 、 Conventional PCI 、 Percutaneous coronary intervention 、 Emergency medicine 、 Radiation exposure 、 Catheter 、 Medicine 、 High radiation 、 Interventional cardiology 、 Fluoroscopy
摘要: Coronary angiography (CA), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), catheter-based structural heart intervention, electrophysiological studies, and arrhythmia ablation are procedures that help cardiologists ensure better clinical diagnosis treatment (Dawkins et al. 2005). During these procedures, catheters, guide wires, other devices visualized guided by using real-time fluoroscopy. Therefore, operators inevitably exposed to radiation (Kim Miller 2009). Compared departments (radiology, urology, operating rooms, etc.), the cardiovascular or catheterization laboratory is generally considered be an area of high exposure (Raza 2011). Interventional cardiology (IC) staff more per year than radiologists a factor two three (Picano 2007). Invasive have increased tenfold in past decade, growth field has been accompanied concern for safety such