Niche overlap of competing carnivores across climatic gradients and the conservation implications of climate change at geographic range margins

作者: William J. Zielinski , Jody M. Tucker , Kerry M. Rennie

DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOCON.2017.03.016

关键词: Range (biology)Sympatric speciationEcologyGeographyClimate changeMartenHome rangeNicheHabitatSympatry

摘要: Abstract There is considerable interest in factors controlling “warm-edge” limits – the lower elevation and latitudinal edges of a species' range. Understanding whether conservation measures can mitigate anticipated change climate requires consideration future as well species interactions. We explored niche relations martens fishers at their southern range margins to understand spatial temporal dynamics, how they may be affected by change. used large-scale non-invasive surveys home data from radio-marked individuals explore dynamics each species. Marten fisher were allopatric northern/wetter regions but sympatric intermediate latitudes with precipitation. In driest/southernmost region only occurred. Martens not detected when annual precipitation was  650 mm. Classification trees, accounting for multivariate interactions, supported these results. Where sympatric, ~ 70% marten's overlapped least one tended avoid this area. sympatry, marten expanded into areas reduced snowpack, warmer temperatures uncharacteristic habitats. Future scenarios predict conditions that favor fishers, our suggest capable shifting somewhat less snowy The interacting warm will require land managers aware interspecific tolerance, respond uniquely climates, potential refugia integrated existing habitat.

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