Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale with the Amplatzer PFO Occluder

摘要: The foramen ovale, which remains probe-patent throughout adulthood in approximately one-fourth of the general population (1), has increasingly been recognized as potential mediator several disease manifestations, including paradoxical embolism, refractory hypoxemia a result right-to-left shunt patients with right ventricular infarction or severe pulmonary disease, orthostatic desaturation setting rare platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome, neurological decompression illness divers, and, more recently, migraine aura. Percutaneous closure patent ovale (PFO) shown safe and feasible using variety transseptal occlusion devices previous reports (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10). Initial device-related complications inflicted by large delivery systems, device dislodgment embolization, structural failure, thrombus formation, inability to reposition remove have reduced recent improvements design. In particular, appreciation anatomic physiologic differences between PFOs atrial-septal defects (ASDs), led development specifically designed for percutaneous PFO closure. Amplatzer Occluder® (AGA Medical, Golden Valley, MN, USA) is self-expanding manufactured from nitinol wire polyester fabric, fully removable repositionable long it screwed cable (11,12). design contrast ASD Occluder are smaller left than atrial disk (except smallest model) slightly elongated, thin, flexible waist connecting two retention disks. this chapter, anatomy PFO, currently available diagnostic techniques, rationale closure, technique results will be reviewed.