Leukocyte cell surface proteinases: regulation of expression, functions, and mechanisms of surface localization.

摘要: A number of proteinases are expressed on the surface leukocytes including members serine, metallo-, and cysteine proteinase superfamilies. Some anchored to plasma membrane by a transmembrane domain or glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol (GPI) anchor. Other bind with high affinity classical receptors, lower integrins, proteoglycans, other leukocyte molecules. Leukocyte levels regulated by: (1) cytokines, chemokines, bacterial products, growth factors which stimulate synthesis and/or release cells; (2) availability binding sites for proteinases; (3) internalization shedding surface-bound proteinases. The surfaces serves many functions including: concentrating activity immediate pericellular environment; facilitating pro-enzyme activation; increasing stability retention in extracellular space; (4) regulating function signaling through cell proteins; (5) protecting from inhibition inhibitors. There is strong evidence that membrane-associated play critical roles wound healing, inflammation, matrix remodeling, fibrinolysis, coagulation. This review will outline biology their physiologic pathologic processes.