Comparison of selection methods on ‘Pigarro’, a Portuguese improved maize population with fasciation expression

摘要: In 1984, Pego started, with the CIMMYT support, an on-farm participatory maize breeding (PMB) project at Portuguese Sousa Valley region (VASO). VASO was intended to answer needs of small farmers (e.g., yield, bread making quality, ability for polycropping systems). During 20 years PMB VASO, mass (MS) and S2 recurrent selection (S2RS) were applied on landrace ‘Pigarro’. Morphological ear length fasciation level) yield evaluations conducted in Portugal (2–3 locations 2 years) USA (4 one year) using samples from original population, six MS cycles three S2RS cycles. North American Populations (BS21, BS22, TEPR-EC6) also included as checks. ANOVA comparisons regression analyses rate direct response performed. Response Iowa showed significant decrease stalk lodging, while significantly decreased, whereas diameter, kernel-row number, level increased. Selection increased days-to-silk anthesis Portugal. days-to-silk, uniformity, cob/ear weight ratio. These results that methods used by farmer breeder not effective increase, but size a positive tendency S2RS. Adaptation maintained last selection.