Seasonal affective disorders and phototherapy

摘要: While theories linking seasonality and affective episodes date back to the time of Hippocrates, it is only recently that idea has gained widespread acceptance. The recognition melatonin could be suppressed by bright light, delineation seasonal disorder (SAD) as a syndrome with distinct clinical therapeutic implications, efficacy light in treatment this condition, were all important steps regard. value SAD closely aligns biology its introduces into psychiatry an exciting new modality. SEASONAL AFFECTIVE DISORDERS AND PHOTOTHERAPY brings together latest research four key areas: * Diagnostic profile SAD, epidemiological issues, specific applications light* Animal models seasonality* Normal human relationship psychiatric disorders* Biological mechanisms subserving Introductory chapters consider different profiles detail outcome studies across Northern Hemisphere. Important questions are addressed about summer depression, without winter well children adolescents. Also included current prevalence data on SAD--several reports volume suggest may occur approximately 5% population subclinical disturbances present even more individuals. Reports changes normal whether mood personality observed extremes disorder's pathophysiology actually continuum range biological found general population. A neurological theory presented maps basic systems involved mobilizing behavior engaging organism environment. then applied both motivated SAD. Points consensus points contention given balanced consideration book's chapters, which address several unresolved concerning phototherapy's mechanism action. Among these controversial areas assessment placebo effect, choice control, importance timing antidepressant effect. discussed circadian phase shift hypothesis, other theories. There substantial agreement among researchers common that, large percentage cases, symptoms depression can ameliorated environmental light. Beyond fundamental agreement, however, many aspects remain controversial. This timely, authoritative compilation provides clinicians comprehensive update important, investigations intriguing disorder.