Anabolic applications of androgens for functional limitations associated with aging and chronic illness.

摘要: Total and free testosterone concentrations decline progressively with advancing age because of defects at all levels the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. Low total bioavailable have been associated decreased skeletal muscle mass, strength, physical function, bone mineral density, fracture risk, although these associations are weak. The risks health benefits long-term remain poorly understood. Physiologic replacement young, androgen-deficient men older low is an increase in fat-free grip fractional protein synthesis, but we do not know whether improves quadriceps power, fatigability, function men, it can reduce risk disability falls. Testosterone increases vertebral density young hypogonadal levels, reduces risk. Concerns about potential adverse effects on prostate encouraged development selective androgen receptor modulators that mass while sparing prostate.