Potentials and Limitations of Bile Acids and Probiotics in Diabetes Mellitus

摘要: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder classified as Type 1 (T1D) or 2 (T2D). T1D an autoimmune characterized by the destruction of -cells pancreas resulting in partial complete lack insulin production and inability body to control glucose homeostasis (Akerblom et al. 2002). also known juvenile-onset diabetes because it manifests at young age (Bruno 2005). As requires patient inject supplement pancreas, called insulin-dependent (IDDM). T2D, formerly noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM) adult-onset diabetes, with onset most common middle later life (Campbell 1991). T2D may be controlled diet exercise and, unlike T1D, does not always require use 2004). However, term “noninsulin-dependent” misnomer since many patients therapy some time course their disease. often associated obesity, hypertension resistance can result beta-cells leading 2004; Weiss & Caprio 2006). The prevalence are on rise worldwide, which has generated strong drive towards developing preventative measures well cure. Recent data published International Federation highlighted severity epidemic. Data show that disease currently affecting 246 million people 46% all those affected 40-59 group. Previous figures underestimated scope problem, while even pessimistic predictions fell short current figure. It predicted total number living will increase 380 within twenty years if no new substantially more effective drugs produced (Moore 2003a; Rosenbloom 1999). On 2007, health costs have exceeded 200 billion dollars only US. This adds cost from higher rate hospitalization, mortality rate, impaired performance workers diabetes.