INVESTMENT IN SONS AND DAUGHTERS BY SOUTHERN ELEPHANT SEALS, MIROUNGA LEONINA, AT MARION ISLAND
作者： Ian S Wilkinson , Rudi J van Aarde
DOI: 10.1111/J.1748-7692.2001.TB01303.X
关键词: Reproductive success 、 Polygyny 、 Offspring 、 Ecology 、 Parental investment 、 Sexual dimorphism 、 Biology 、 Demography 、 Southern elephant seal 、 Maternal effect 、 Fecundity
摘要: The southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina, exhibits extreme sexual dimorphism and polygyny is thought to be an ideal subject test maternal investment theory. Predictions concerning differential in offspring by sex were tested on M. leonina breeding at Marion Island over three austral summers. Large females produced more male pups, while small female providing tentative support for the Trivers Willard (1973) hypothesis. Maternal size had a greater influence growth rate weaning mass than of offspring. Differential reproductive costs adult not evident terms future fecundity or survival. In keeping with other studies this species, we could demonstrate any two sexes. We suggest that before discounting theories, further need undertaken determine benefits, if any, long-term survival success.
researchgate.net 
up.ac.za 
sci-hub.se 参考文章(39)
M. A. Fedak, Tom Arnbom, Ian L. Boyd, The relation between the size of southern elephant seal mothers, the growth of their pups, and the use of maternal energy, fat and protein during lactation Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. ,vol. 69, pp. 887- 911 ,(1996) , 10.1086/PHYSZOOL.69.4.30164234
Fritz Trillmich, Maternal investment and sex-allocation in the Galapagos fur seal, Arctocephalus galapagoensis Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. ,vol. 19, pp. 157- 164 ,(1986) , 10.1007/BF00300855
Parental investment and sexual selection Sexual Selection and the Descent of Man. pp. 136- 179 ,(2017) , 10.4324/9781315129266-7
Fritz Trillmich, Parental Investment in Pinnipeds Advances in the Study of Behavior. ,vol. 25, pp. 533- 577 ,(1996) , 10.1016/S0065-3454(08)60342-3
I. L. Boyd, T. S. McCann, Pre-natal investment in reproduction by female Antarctic fur seals Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. ,vol. 24, pp. 377- 385 ,(1989) , 10.1007/BF00293265
Jo‐Ann E. Mellish, Sara J. Iverson, W. Don Bowen, Variation in Milk Production and Lactation Performance in Grey Seals and Consequences for Pup Growth and Weaning Characteristics Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. ,vol. 72, pp. 677- 690 ,(1999) , 10.1086/316708
R. L. Trivers, D. E. Willard, Natural selection of parental ability to vary the sex ratio of offspring. Science. ,vol. 179, pp. 90- 92 ,(1973) , 10.1126/SCIENCE.179.4068.90
T. Arnbom, M. A. Fedak, I. L. Boyd, B. J. McConnell, Variation in weaning mass of pups in relation to maternal mass, postweaning fast duration, and weaned pup behaviour in southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) at South Georgia Canadian Journal of Zoology. ,vol. 71, pp. 1772- 1781 ,(1993) , 10.1139/Z93-252
Per T. Smiseth, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen, Evidence of equal maternal investment in the sexes in the polygynous and sexually dimorphic grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. ,vol. 36, pp. 145- 150 ,(1995) , 10.1007/BF00177790
W. D. Bowen, O. T. Oftedal, D. J. Boness, S. J. Iverson, The effect of maternal age and other factors on birth mass in the harbour seal Canadian Journal of Zoology. ,vol. 72, pp. 8- 14 ,(1994) , 10.1139/Z94-002