Vertebral body integrity: a review of various anatomical factors involved in the lumbar region.

摘要: The body of the vertebra can be affected in majority conditions involving lumbar spine. Multiple references, both books and periodicals, have been reviewed, anatomical factors responsible for vertebral integrity spine included under following important areas, namely, morphology, development, genetics, microscopic examination using histology, structural architecture, blood supply, neuromuscular control, biomechanics. anatomy provides a three-dimensional frame work to support interaction between physiological pathological alterations. acute or chronic etiology these is multifactorial, which has dealt with previous studies sporadically. This study aims review incorporate influence bodies region manifest as low back pain. reviewed literature. Electronic databases, including Medline PubMed, were used collect latest information. They finally arranged an framework article. An attempt made cover relevant issues integrated way article structured into introduction, biomechanics, conclusion. aforementioned aspects, some received less attention literature, may helpful clinicians restoring mobility, stability, load bearing capacity well planning better management strategies, especially In our all affecting body, growth ossification, specifically region, described, not covered earlier. limitations this its wide dimensions; hence, there are fair scopes missing many facts, them cannot compiled single We attempted confine views different domains only, second limitation. Additional required discuss uncovered scientific details. multifactorial (Fig. 8). vast spectrum domain influencing it summarized. evolution erect posture landmark morphology human beings lordosis, also contributed gross design one most adaptations axial loading bipedal movements. role metamerism vertebrate repeated development intersegmental origin, results dual vascular nerve from superior inferior aspects vertebrae. ossifies three primary centers, centrum, will form major portion other two neural arches. cartilaginous plate mainly longitudinal growth. Regional differentiation column, definite pattern structure vertebra, regulated by large number genetic factors, Hox genes. therefore requirements optimal transfer maximal strength minimal weight. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone quality, microarchitecture, material properties that contribute strength. BMD highly heritable; distribution architecture shown strong influence. All integrate ensure