The diabatic heat budget of the upper troposphere and lower/mid stratosphere in ECMWF reanalyses

摘要: We present an analysis of the diabatic terms in thermodynamic energy equation from ERA-40 and ECMWF reanalysis ERA-Interim. analyse clear-sky radiative heating, cloud effects, impact latent heat exchange mixing. The budget is closed with calculation temperature assimilation increment. previously noted excessive tropospheric circulation at low latitudes also reflected budget. increment acts to cool model heating. Conversely, ERA-Interim requires heating latitudes, suggesting too little convection. In tropical tropopause layer (TTL), both reanalyses show a strong interaction clouds radiation, but lack reliable independent estimates renders role uncertain. Both cooling TTL by increment, that models may overestimate or convective parametrization scheme has difficulties capturing thermal effects deep stratosphere, shows unrealistic due problems profile. balance dominated residual much faster than better balanced substantially smaller Its structure magnitude heating/cooling low/high quite realistic. Overall, provides improved circulation, uncertainties particular around remain large. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society