Molecular subtypes in cancers of the gastrointestinal tract

摘要: Malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract are among most common human cancers. The distinct tissues origin give rise to a diverse set diseases, such as colorectal cancer, pancreatic carcinoma and gastric cancers, with each associating specific clinical features. Genomic transcriptomic analyses have further defined heterogeneity that occurs within these cancers by identifying so-called molecular subtypes. These subtypes characterized genetic aberrations expression signatures suggest important biological differences. Although at first sight this subdivision organ-specific might increase complexity classification, closer analysis suggests detected in various malignancies recurring. For example, nearly all appear present either mesenchymal gene signatures, extensive immune infiltration or metabolic dysregulation. Additionally, malignancies, 'canonical' subtype is recognized retains characteristic features epithelial tissue origin. themes can enhance our collective understanding could perhaps be therapeutically exploited. In Review, identification cancer types discussed along how they incorporated into practice.