Terrestrial gamma‐ray flash electron beam geometry, fluence, and detection frequency

作者: B. E. Carlson , T. Gjesteland , N. Østgaard

DOI: 10.1029/2011JA016812

关键词: PhotonPhysicsElectronCathode rayTerrestrial gamma-ray flashContext (language use)GeometryGeomagnetic latitudePopulationOpticsFluence

摘要: [1] Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) are associated with emission of detectable beams electrons into space. In this paper we use simulations TGF and electron beam escape from the atmosphere to determine how geometry fluence such events depend on angular distribution source photons. Given a photon source, depends geomagnetic latitude but can be well-predicted by tracing disk at 57 km altitude along field satellite orbit. The then used infer relative detection probabilities in context variety sources intensities. Analysis frequency detections suggests existence population emitted TGFs too faint detected as

参考文章(34)
Brant E. Carlson, Terrestrial gamma-ray flash production by lightning Ph.D. Thesis. ,(2010)
B. E. Carlson, N. G. Lehtinen, U. S. Inan, Norma B. Crosby, Tai-Yin Huang, Michael J. Rycroft, Observations of Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flash Electrons COUPLING OF THUNDERSTORMS AND LIGHTNING DISCHARGES TO NEAR‐EARTH SPACE:#N#Proceedings of the Workshop. ,vol. 1118, pp. 84- 91 ,(2009) , 10.1063/1.3137717
Michael S. Briggs, Valerie Connaughton, Colleen Wilson-Hodge, Robert D. Preece, Gerald J. Fishman, R. Marc Kippen, P. N. Bhat, William S. Paciesas, Vandiver L. Chaplin, Charles A. Meegan, Andreas von Kienlin, Jochen Greiner, Joesph R. Dwyer, David M. Smith, Electron‐positron beams from terrestrial lightning observed with Fermi GBM Geophysical Research Letters. ,vol. 38, pp. 1- 5 ,(2011) , 10.1029/2010GL046259
Nikolai G Lehtinen, Timothy F Bell, Umran S Inan, None, Monte Carlo simulation of runaway MeV electron breakdown with application to red sprites and terrestrial gamma ray flashes Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. ,vol. 104, pp. 24699- 24712 ,(1999) , 10.1029/1999JA900335
A. E. Hedin, Extension of the MSIS Thermosphere Model into the middle and lower atmosphere Journal of Geophysical Research. ,vol. 96, pp. 1159- 1172 ,(1991) , 10.1029/90JA02125
M. Marisaldi, F. Fuschino, C. Labanti, M. Galli, F. Longo, E. Del Monte, G. Barbiellini, M. Tavani, A. Giuliani, E. Moretti, S. Vercellone, E. Costa, S. Cutini, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, M. Feroci, I. Lapshov, F. Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, S. Mereghetti, L. Pacciani, M. Rapisarda, P. Soffitta, M. Trifoglio, A. Argan, F. Boffelli, A. Bulgarelli, P. Caraveo, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Chen, V. Cocco, F. D'Ammando, G. De Paris, G. Di Cocco, G. Di Persio, A. Ferrari, M. Fiorini, T. Froysland, F. Gianotti, A. Morselli, A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, P. Picozza, G. Piano, M. Pilia, M. Prest, G. Pucella, A. Rappoldi, A. Rubini, S. Sabatini, E. Striani, A. Trois, E. Vallazza, V. Vittorini, A. Zambra, D. Zanello, L. A. Antonelli, S. Colafrancesco, D. Gasparrini, P. Giommi, C. Pittori, B. Preger, P. Santolamazza, F. Verrecchia, L. Salotti, Detection of terrestrial gamma ray flashes up to 40 MeV by the AGILE satellite Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. ,vol. 115, pp. n/a- n/a ,(2010) , 10.1029/2009JA014502
BE Carlson, Nikolai G Lehtinen, Umran S Inan, None, Terrestrial gamma ray flash production by lightning current pulses Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. ,vol. 114, pp. n/a- n/a ,(2009) , 10.1029/2009JA014531
B. J. Hazelton, B. W. Grefenstette, D. M. Smith, J. R. Dwyer, X.-M. Shao, S. A. Cummer, T. Chronis, E. H. Lay, R. H. Holzworth, Spectral dependence of terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes on source distance Geophysical Research Letters. ,vol. 36, ,(2009) , 10.1029/2008GL035906