Green Tree Retention in Fennoscandian Forestry

摘要: Boreal forest management has changed rapidly during recent years, and new forestry practices, such as green tree retention (GTR), which aim at ecological sustainability have been developed. With our present knowledge, we cannot fully assess the benefits of prevailing Fennoscandian GTR levels (5-10 trees/ha). Small groups be expected to provide habitat for interior species because edge effects. However, even individual trees will increase amount snags logs, are important habitats many species. According own results, response understory vegetation depends clearly on level. 7% stand volume, or about 50 per ha, found no remarkable differences in compared with clear-felling. This indicates that a higher level is needed maintain late successional plant site. Our data also show there much within-stand type variation, correlates with...