Visualization of charge ordering in a half-doped manganite by an electrostatic potential analysis

摘要: We have experimentally investigated the charge density distribution and electrostatic potential for a charge-ordering doped manganite, ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{1∕2}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{1∕2}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$. In charge-ordered state, we observed zigzag pattern of within (010) plane. Judging from ${\mathrm{MnO}}_{6}$ distortion, ascribed to bonding electron in ${p}_{x(y)}\ensuremath{-}{d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$ hybridized not so-called ${d}_{3{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{r}^{2}}∕{d}_{3{y}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{r}^{2}}$ orbital ordering. further calculated $U(r)$ atomic positions, which clearly indicates checkerboard-type disproportionation