Experiences with the pretreatment of raw water with high fouling potential for reverse osmosis plant using FILMTEC membranes

摘要: Abstract Significant parts of the world are experiencing a continuous unprecedented growth in population, standards life and industrial development. These factors increase consumption water which supply is already under stress. The World Bank has indicated its Water Management Strategy (Le Moigne et al., 1994) that situation Middle East precarious. renewable resources per capita have seen reduction from about 3599 m 3 to less than 700 . Thus, must now be considered as limited resource. Under these circumstances, scarce sources for “good” raw becoming available waters lower quality candidates treatment, including desalination. From point view reverse osmosis desalination, this means new technological advances necessary both, pretreatment such with high fouling potential make them adequate RO process, membrane technology itself produce membranes prone failure when subjected pretreated feeds quality. In following, improvements achieved by FILMTEC ∗∗ products well results field experiences made seawater brackish presented along analysis relation between performance used respective plants. Possible steps analyzed measured efficiency limit incidence possible optimization reviewed well.