Scaling relations for earthquake source parameters and magnitudes

摘要: A data set of 41 moderate and large earthquakes has been used to derive scaling rules for kinematic fault parameters. If effective stress static drop are equal, then rise time, τ, area, S, related by τ = 16S^(1/2)/(7π^(3/2)β), where β is shear velocity. Fault length (parallel strike) width dip) empirically L=2W. Scatter both about a factor two. These laws combine give time in terms length. Length as the sole free parameter Haskell type model relating seismic moment M_S (20-sec surface-wave magnitude), S m_b (1-sec body-wave magnitude) M_S. Observed agree well with predicted relation. The “source spectrum” depends on azimuth apparent velocity phase or mode, so there different each rather than single spectrum all modes. Furthermore, (i.e., two dimensionality faults) must not be neglected. Inclusion leads average source spectra surface waves body waves. turn imply that reach maximum values regardless further increases L moment. versus relation from this study differs significantly Gutenberg-Richter (G-R) relation, because G-R equation was derived predominant period 5 sec thus does apply modern 1-sec determinations. Previous investigators who assumed were error. Finally, averaging reported rupture velocities yields v_R 0.72β.