An embryo of protocell membrane: The capsule of graphene oxide

摘要: Many signs indicate that the graphene could widely occur on early Earth. Here, we report a new theory might be an embryo of protocell membrane, and found several evidences. Firstly, oxide phospholipid-graphene composite would curl into capsules in strongly acidic saturated solution Pb(NO3)2 at low temperature, providing protective space for biochemical reactions. Secondly, L-animi acids exhibit higher reactivity than D-animi oxides favor formation left-handed proteins. Thirdly, monolayer with nanopores prepared by unfocused 84Kr25+ has high selectivity permeation monovalent metal ions (Rb+ > K+ Cs+ Na+ Li+), but does not allow Cl- through, which attributed to ion exchange oxygen-containing groups rim nanopores. It is similar channels, cause efflux some from capsule decrease pH primitive ocean, creating suitable inner condition origin life. Consequently, acidic, salinity strong radiation as well temperature changes Earth, regarded negative factors, indispensable protocell. In short, bred life, digested gradually evolution.